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Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2021The front part of the eye is exposed to the surface of the body, making it susceptible to injury. Blunt eye injuries often destroy the tissue structure in the anterior...
The front part of the eye is exposed to the surface of the body, making it susceptible to injury. Blunt eye injuries often destroy the tissue structure in the anterior part of the eye. Often there is detachment of the iris root, separation of the ciliary body, the angle of retraction of the chamber, and complete dislocation or subluxation of the lens. Ordinary ocular ultrasound can penetrate into opaque tissue, but because of its low resolution, it can only show its outline, which is still very small for doctors in assisting diagnosis. Ultrasonic biomicroscopy is a very real-time analysis, will not be affected by the refraction space, and has great application value for ocular trauma. Based on this, this article proposes the ultrasound biomicroscope diagnosis analysis and fine nursing research of traumatic anterior chamber injury based on intelligent virtual reality technology. This article describes literature methods, experimental analysis methods, and other methods, in-depth study of the causes of traumatic anterior injuries, ultrasound biomicroscopy, and other theoretical knowledge, ultrasound biomicroscopy and microcontrol experiments for traumatic anterior injury design, and finally the causes of eye damage. This study compares the pairing results of ultrasound biomicroscopy biological measurements, analyzes the relationship between anterior bleeding level and anterior ocular injury, and analyzes the outcome and extent of service ophthalmology. The angle retreat accounted for 52.17% in grade I, 72.22% in grade II, and 60% in grade III. Anterior bleeding can cause single or complex iris root detachment, iris root detachment, ciliary body detachment, and angular leakage. The more the bleeding, the more serious the eye damage.
Topics: Anterior Chamber; Ciliary Body; Eye Injuries; Humans; Microscopy, Acoustic; Technology; Virtual Reality
PubMed: 34055276
DOI: 10.1155/2021/9930686 -
PloS One 2021Glycemic control is essential to manage metabolic diseases such as diabetes. Frequent measurements of systemic glucose levels with prompt managements can prevent organ... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
Glycemic control is essential to manage metabolic diseases such as diabetes. Frequent measurements of systemic glucose levels with prompt managements can prevent organ damages. The eye is a glucose highly demanding organ in our body, and the anterior chamber (AC) in the eye has been suggested for a noninvasive blood glucose monitoring site. However, calculating blood glucose levels from measuring glucose levels in AC has been difficult and unclear. In this study, we aimed to examine glucose levels from AC and find a correlation with blood glucose levels. A total of 30 patients with cataracts (men and women, study 1; 7 and 3, study 2; 9 and 11) who visited Keio University Hospital from 2015 to 2018 and agreed to participate in this study were recruited. Glucose levels from AC and the blood were examined by a UV-hexokinase or H2O2-electrode method before/during the cataract surgery. These values were analyzed with regression analyses depending on the groups (blood glucose-ascending and descending groups). In the blood glucose-descending group, glucose levels from AC were strongly correlated with blood glucose levels (a high R2 value, 0.8636). However, the relatively moderate correlation was seen in the blood glucose-ascending group (a low R2 value, 0.5228). Taken together, we showed different correlation ratios on glucose levels between AC and the blood, based on blood glucose dynamics. Stacking data regarding this issue would enable establishing noninvasive blood glucose monitoring from measuring glucose levels in AC more correctly, which will be helpful for proper and prompt managements for glucose-mediated complications.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anterior Chamber; Blood Glucose; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; Cataract Extraction; Diabetes Mellitus; Female; Glucose; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies
PubMed: 34469502
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256986 -
Translational Vision Science &... May 2023To compare the ascorbic acid concentration and total antioxidant capacity in the aqueous humor of pigmented Rex rabbits after sham operation (control), iridectomy, and...
PURPOSE
To compare the ascorbic acid concentration and total antioxidant capacity in the aqueous humor of pigmented Rex rabbits after sham operation (control), iridectomy, and trabeculectomy.
METHODS
Pigmented Rex rabbits were divided into control, iridectomy, and trabeculectomy groups and followed up for 12 months after surgery. Ascorbic acid concentration and total antioxidant capacity in the aqueous humor, intraocular pressure, and the occurrence of cataracts were examined in each group.
RESULTS
The ascorbic acid concentration and total antioxidant capacity after iridectomy and trabeculectomy were significantly lower at one week and at one, six, and 12 months after operation than those in the control group (P ≤ 0.03). Ascorbic acid concentration was positively and significantly correlated with total antioxidant capacity in the aqueous humor (P < 0.01). Compared to the control and the iridectomy groups, intraocular pressure in the trabeculectomy group was significantly lower at one week and at one and six months after surgery (one week: P < 0.01 and P < 0.01, respectively; one month: P < 0.01 and P = 0.03, respectively; six months: P = 0.03). Histological findings in the iridectomy and trabeculectomy groups included the appearance of vacuoles in the lens at six and 12 months after surgery.
CONCLUSIONS
Iridectomy causes a sustained decrease in ascorbic acid concentration, followed by a long-term decrease in the total antioxidant capacity within the aqueous humor.
TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE
The animal model possibly predicts the vulnerability focusing on the antioxidant level in the anterior chamber environment after trabeculectomy and iridectomy per se in clinical settings.
Topics: Animals; Rabbits; Iridectomy; Antioxidants; Anterior Chamber; Trabeculectomy; Ascorbic Acid
PubMed: 37126333
DOI: 10.1167/tvst.12.5.4 -
Scientific Reports May 2021Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive method that can quickly and accurately examine the eye at the cellular level. Several studies have used OCT for...
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive method that can quickly and accurately examine the eye at the cellular level. Several studies have used OCT for analysis of anterior chamber cells. However, these studies have several limitations. This study was performed to supplement existing reports of automated analysis of anterior chamber cell images using spectral domain OCT (SD-OCT) and to compare this method with the Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) grading system. We analyzed 2398 anterior segment SD-OCT images from 34 patients using code written in Python. Cell density, size, and eccentricity were measured automatically. Increases in SUN grade were associated with significant cell density increases at all stages (p < 0.001). Significant differences were observed in eccentricity in uveitis, post-surgical inflammation, and vitreous hemorrhage (p < 0.001). Anterior segment SD-OCT is reliable, fast, and accurate means of anterior chamber cell analysis. This method showed a strong correlation with the SUN grade system. Also, eccentricity could be helpful as a supplementary evaluation tool.
Topics: Aged; Algorithms; Anterior Chamber; Cell Count; Cell Tracking; Female; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Male; Middle Aged; Software; Tomography, Optical Coherence
PubMed: 34021183
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89794-0 -
PloS One 2020To provide in vivo measurements of anterior chamber angle structures and their relationship with age as evaluated by high-frequency ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) in...
Disease-related and age-related changes of anterior chamber angle structures in patients with primary congenital glaucoma: An in vivo high-frequency ultrasound biomicroscopy-based study.
OBJECTIVES
To provide in vivo measurements of anterior chamber angle structures and their relationship with age as evaluated by high-frequency ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) in patients with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG).
METHODS
High-frequency UBM was done for 51 PCG eyes from 40 patients (aged from 3 to 96 months) and 11 unaffected contralateral eyes. Parameters, including the proportion of observable abnormal tissue membrane and Schlemm's canal, the largest cross-sectional area (CSA) of Schlemm's canal (SC), SC meridional diameter, trabecular-iris angle (TIA), trabecular meshwork (TM) thickness, iris thickness, ciliary process length, and corneal limbus thickness were compared between the two groups and their relationship with age was explored in PCG eyes.
RESULTS
Abnormal tissue membrane was detected in 27.5% of PCG eyes and none in unaffected eyes. SC was observed in 73.1% of PGC eyes compared to 100% in unaffected eyes (P<0.001). The largest CSA of SC, SC meridional diameter, iris thickness, and corneal limbus thickness were all significantly smaller in PCG eyes compared to unaffected eyes (all P<0.05). TIA and ciliary process length in unaffected eyes were smaller than PCG eyes (both P<0.05). The largest CSA of SC, TM thickness, iris thickness, and ciliary process length were all significantly correlated to age in PCG eyes (P<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The anatomical information evaluated by high-frequency UBM may provide glaucoma specialists a useful tool to aid in understanding the dysgenesis and changes with age of anterior chamber angle in PCG.
Topics: Age Factors; Anterior Chamber; Child; Child, Preschool; Ciliary Body; Female; Glaucoma; Humans; Infant; Male; Microscopy, Acoustic; Observer Variation; Trabecular Meshwork; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 31990918
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227602 -
Advances in Clinical and Experimental... Aug 2017Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX) is the most frequently identifiable cause of secondary open-angle glaucoma, known as pseudoexfoliation glaucoma. The exact... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX) is the most frequently identifiable cause of secondary open-angle glaucoma, known as pseudoexfoliation glaucoma. The exact pathophysiology and etiology of PEX and associated glaucoma remains obscure.
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in the morphology of the anterior chamber angle in people with pseudoexfoliation syndrome and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma compared to a control group. We also evaluated the correlation between intraocular pressure (IOP) and pigmentation of the angle with the amount of exfoliated material in the anterior segment.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The study group was composed of 155 eyes from 103 patients aged between 43 and 86 years. Each patient underwent a complete ophthalmological examination.
RESULTS
Some difference was found in intraocular pressure between the PEX group and the control group and between the pseudoexfoliation glaucoma group and the control group, but no significant difference was found between the 2 study groups. There was a significant difference in the incidence of some degree of pigmentation in the anterior chamber angle and no difference in the widths of the angle between each group. A significant positive relationship was observed between intraocular pressure and the degree of pigmentation of the anterior chamber angle in both the PEX group and the pseudoexfoliation glaucoma group.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study indicate that the amount of pigmentation and exfoliation material in the anterior segment significantly correlates with the level of IOP and possibly with the degree of trabecular dysfunction. It seems that for clear identification of PEX and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma factors, clinical assessment appears to be insufficient.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anterior Chamber; Case-Control Studies; Diagnosis, Differential; Exfoliation Syndrome; Female; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Gonioscopy; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Male; Middle Aged; Pigmentation Disorders; Predictive Value of Tests; Prospective Studies; Retinal Pigments
PubMed: 29068575
DOI: 10.17219/acem/64023 -
The Veterinary Clinics of North... Nov 2015In order to understand the pathophysiology, select optimal therapeutic options for patients and provide clients with honest expectations for cases of canine glaucoma,... (Review)
Review
In order to understand the pathophysiology, select optimal therapeutic options for patients and provide clients with honest expectations for cases of canine glaucoma, clinicians should be familiar with a rational understanding of the functional anatomy of the ocular structures involved in this group of diseases. The topographical extension and the structural and humoral complexity of the regions involved with the production and the outflow of aqueous humor undergo numerous changes with aging and disease. Therefore, the anatomy relative to the fluid dynamics of aqueous has become a pivotal yet flexible concept to interpret the different phenotypes of glaucoma.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Anterior Chamber; Aqueous Humor; Capillaries; Cats; Ciliary Body; Dogs; Eye; Intraocular Pressure
PubMed: 26337760
DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2015.06.005 -
Ophthalmologica. Journal International... 2011Phacoemulsification with an intraocular lens implant is a safe and effective means of correction of visual loss from cataract. The high frequency of this procedure world... (Review)
Review
Phacoemulsification with an intraocular lens implant is a safe and effective means of correction of visual loss from cataract. The high frequency of this procedure world wide means inevitable direct surgical complications will be numerous even though infrequent. The approach to correcting aphakia following complicated cataract surgery is dependent on multiple factors including the degree to which the capsular bag is intact and the type of intraocular lens that has been inserted. We discuss several approaches and strategies for managing dropped intraocular lenses, the correction of aphakia and the safety and long-term results of anterior chamber intraocular lens placement.
Topics: Anterior Chamber; Aphakia; Humans; Lens Implantation, Intraocular; Lenses, Intraocular; Prosthesis Failure; Suture Techniques; Vitrectomy
PubMed: 21778780
DOI: 10.1159/000328210 -
Romanian Journal of Ophthalmology 2022We present the case of a 40-year-old male, who presented to the ophthalmology emergency department with pain and visual loss in his left eye 10 days after an...
We present the case of a 40-year-old male, who presented to the ophthalmology emergency department with pain and visual loss in his left eye 10 days after an intravitreal injection of a split medication. At the exploration, we found an intense corneal edema in the left eye with endothelial dusting and ciliary hyperemia. LE fundus was impracticable due to anterior chamber opacity. Because of the corneal edema, we performed an anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS- OCT), visualizing a cyclitic membrane with pupillary block and inflammatory cells in the anterior chamber. There are different treatments to lyse the cyclitic membrane; in this case, we managed the cyclitic membrane with 0,05 ml of intracameral recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA), a highly potent fibrinolytic protein. We disinfected the eyelids and the conjunctival sac with Povidone Iodine solution, applied topical anesthesia with double anesthetic, and injected 0,05 mL rtPA solution into the anterior chamber using an insulin syringe with a 30-gauge needle. Intracameral rtPA was prepared under sterile conditions using 50 mg vials of rtPA diluted with 50 mL of sterile water to create a 1 mg/ mL solution. Four hours after rtPA treatment, the cyclitic membrane lysed, obtaining pupillary mydriasis. The AS OCT before and after the treatment with intracameral rtPA was of high utility as it allowed the visualization of the cyclitic membrane and its removal.
Topics: Adult; Anterior Chamber; Corneal Edema; Humans; Iris Diseases; Male; Tissue Plasminogen Activator; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Uveitis, Anterior
PubMed: 35935083
DOI: 10.22336/rjo.2022.37 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology May 2023Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) is a high-resolution ultrasound technique, which allows noninvasive, in vivo imaging of the ocular anterior segment structures.
BACKGROUND
Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) is a high-resolution ultrasound technique, which allows noninvasive, in vivo imaging of the ocular anterior segment structures.
PURPOSE
This video gives a description of the identification of the iridocorneal angle structures in the cross-sectional view in a radial scan through a typical ciliary process and a guide toward measuring the angle parameters.
SYNOPSIS
UBM provides two-dimensional, grayscale images of the iridocorneal angle. The real-time image is displayed on a video monitor and can be recorded for qualitative and quantitative analysis. The angle parameters can be measured by in-built calipers in the machine software and manipulated by the examiner. Highlights: This video demonstrates UBM caliper positions as displayed on the monitor and marked by the examiner for the measurement of various anterior segment parameters of the eye.
VIDEO LINK
https://youtu.be/WTXMupYoyww.
Topics: Humans; Anterior Chamber; Anterior Eye Segment; Ciliary Body; Cross-Sectional Studies; Microscopy, Acoustic
PubMed: 37203007
DOI: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_3369_22